What is the function of fertilizers in agriculture?

Fertilizers play a crucial role in agriculture by providing essential nutrients that are vital for crop growth and development. They are typically rich in key macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are necessary for various physiological functions in plants. For instance, nitrogen supports leaf growth and the synthesis of proteins, phosphorus is important for root development and flowering, and potassium aids in water regulation and overall plant health.

By ensuring that crops receive adequate nutrients, fertilizers help maximize yields and improve the quality of agricultural products. Nutrient deficiencies can lead to stunted growth, poor yields, and lower nutritional value of crops, which can adversely affect food supply and farmer income. Thus, the primary function of fertilizers is to enrich the soil nutrient profile, enabling more robust and healthy crop production.